Science Common Sense

960 - How do volcanic eruptions occur, and what are their effects on the environment?

Imagine the Earth is like a big ball with layers of liquid rock called magma inside. When magma builds up pressure and gets too hot, it tries to escape through a volcanic vent or crater. This is called a volcanic eruption.

Here's what happens during an eruption:

1. Magma rises to the surface, often causing the ground to shake.
2. When the magma comes out, it's released as lava, ash, and gas.
3. The lava flows out and can create new land, while ash and gas go into the air, blocking sunlight.

Effects on the environment:

• Ash can pollute the air, water, and soil, making it hard for plants and animals to survive.
• Lava can burn everything in its path and change the landscape.
• Ash and lava can also affect the climate, making it cooler or warmer.
• Volcanic eruptions can also create new land and habitats for plants and animals.

So, volcanic eruptions are both powerful and important natural events that shape our planet.