Science Common Sense

957 - What causes natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, and hurricanes?

Natural disasters happen when the Earth's systems, like water and air, get out of balance. Here's what causes each one:

1. Earthquakes: The Earth's crust is made of moving plates. When these plates rub against each other or get stuck, they can suddenly move and release a lot of energy, causing the ground to shake.
2. Floods: Too much water, like from heavy rain or melting snow, can overflow rivers and fill low areas. Sometimes, dams or barriers break, sending water rushing in.
3. Hurricanes: Warm ocean water heats up the air above it, making it rise. As it rises, it cools down and forms clouds. The clouds start spinning, and if they get strong enough, they become a hurricane.

These events can be powerful and scary, but scientists and experts work hard to predict and prepare for them to keep us safe.