Science Common Sense

77 - Why do some materials conduct electricity while others don’t?

Materials can be divided into three main groups: conductors, insulators, and semiconductors.

1. Conductors: These materials have free electrons that can move around easily. When a conductor is connected to a power source, the free electrons flow through it, carrying electricity. Examples of conductors include copper, aluminum, and metal wires.

2. Insulators: These materials do not have free electrons, and the electrons stick together. As a result, electricity cannot flow through them. Examples of insulators include rubber, plastic, glass, and wood.

3. Semiconductors: These materials are in between conductors and insulators. They can control the flow of electricity, but only under certain conditions. Examples of semiconductors include silicon chips used in computers and smartphones.